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What (who) is Mach$543565$ - definition
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![Shock diamonds beneath [[Masten Space Systems]] Xoie rocket during the [[Lunar Lander Challenge]] competition-winning landing.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kluft-photo-MSS-Xoie-LLC-L2-landing-Img 1282.jpg?width=200 "Shock diamonds beneath [[Masten Space Systems]] Xoie rocket during the [[Lunar Lander Challenge]] competition-winning landing.")
![An [[F-22 Raptor]] with shock diamonds behind it](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lockheed Martin F-22A Raptor JSOH.jpg?width=200 "An [[F-22 Raptor]] with shock diamonds behind it")
![Shock diamonds behind a [[Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SR-71 Blackbird afterburn.jpg?width=200 "Shock diamonds behind a [[Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird]].")
![Aerojet Rocketdyne [[RS-25]] engine test at NASA's Stennis Space Center](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shuttle Main Engine Test Firing.jpg?width=200 "Aerojet Rocketdyne [[RS-25]] engine test at NASA's Stennis Space Center")
![F-16]] taking off with afterburner](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/South Carolina F-16 taking off in Afghanistan.jpg?width=200 "F-16]] taking off with afterburner")
Wikipedia
In fluid dynamics, a Mach wave is a pressure wave traveling with the speed of sound caused by a slight change of pressure added to a compressible flow. These weak waves can combine in supersonic flow to become a shock wave if sufficient Mach waves are present at any location. Such a shock wave is called a Mach stem or Mach front. Thus, it is possible to have shockless compression or expansion in a supersonic flow by having the production of Mach waves sufficiently spaced (cf. isentropic compression in supersonic flows). A Mach wave is the weak limit of an oblique shock wave where time averages of flow quantities don't change (a normal shock is the other limit). If the size of the object moving at the speed of sound is near 0, then this domain of influence of the wave is called a Mach cone.
